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光纖是我們通信界常常用到東西，今天我光纖熔接機廠家在這篇文章中為大家分享常用光纖品種描述。

MMF（multi-mode Fiber多模光纖）

- OM1光纖（62.5125um）

- OM2OM3光纖（G.651光纖）其中：OM2—50125um；OM3—新一代多模光纖。

SMF（single-mode Fiber單模光纖）

- G.652（色散非位移單模光纖）

- G.653（色散位移光纖）

- G.654（截止波長位移光纖）

- G.655（非零色散位移光纖)

- G.656（低斜率非零色散位移光纖）

- G.657（耐彎光纖）

從技術(shù)方面講，你可以在FTTx上使用任何類型的光纖，但是，G.652和G.657卻是我們最常使用的光纖。

◆G.651：長波長多模光纖（ITU-T G.651）50／125μm梯度多模光纖工業(yè)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。ITU-T G.651即OM2OM3光纖或多模光纖（50125）。ITU-T推薦光纖中并沒有OM1光纖或多模光（62.5125），但它們在美國的使用仍非常普遍。主要應(yīng)用于局域網(wǎng)，不適用于長距離傳輸，但在300至500米的范圍內(nèi)，G.651是成本較低的多模傳輸光纖。

◆G.652：常規(guī)單模光纖（色散非位移單模光纖），截止波長最短，既可用于1550NM，又可用于1310NM。其特點在設(shè)計和制造時的波長在1310nm附近時的色散為零，1550nm波長時損耗最小，但色散最大。（1310nm窗口的衰減在0.3～0.4dB/km，色散系數(shù)在0～3.5ps/nm.km。1550nm窗口的衰減在0.19～0.25dB/km，色散系數(shù)在15～18ps/nm.km。）主要缺點是在1550波段色散系數(shù)較大，不適于2.5Gb/s以上的長距離應(yīng)用。

G.652AB是基本的單模光纖，G.652CD是低水峰單模光纖。

G.652.A、G.652.B、G.652.C和G.652.D光纖光纜的特性

光纖類型

G.652.A

G.652.B

G.652.C

G.652.D

模場直徑

范圍

8.6-9.5μm

8.6-9.5μm

8.6-9.5μm

8.6-9.5μm

包層直徑

標(biāo)稱

125.0μm

125.0μm

125.0μm

125.0μm

色散

λ0min

1300nm

1300nm

1300nm

1300nm

λ0max

1324nm

1324nm

1324nm

1324nm

S0min

0.093ps/nm2。km

0.093ps/nm2。km

0.093ps/nm2。km

0.093ps/nm2。km

衰減

1310nm

0.5 dB/km

0.4 dB/km

——

——

1550nm

0.4 dB/km

0.35 dB/km

0.3 dB/km

0.3 dB/km

1625nm

——

0.4 dB/km

——

——

PMD系數(shù)

M

20 cables

20 cables

20 cables

20 cables

Q

0.01%

0.01%

0.01%

0.01%

最大PMD0

0.5ps/km

0.2ps/km

0.5ps/km

0.2ps/km

◆G.653：色散位移單模光纖。在1550nm波長左右的色散降至最低，從而使光損失降至最低。

◆G..654：截止波長位移光纖。1550nm下衰耗系數(shù)最低（比G.652，G.653，G.655光纖約低15%），因此稱為低衰耗光纖, 色散系數(shù)與G.652相同 , 實際使用最少的一種光纖。主要應(yīng)用于海底或地面長距離傳輸，比如400千米無轉(zhuǎn)發(fā)器的線路。

◆G.655：非零色散位移光纖(NZ-DSF: Non zero-Dispersion-Shifted Fiber)。G.653光纖在1550nm波長時色散為零，而G.655光纖則具有集中的或正或負(fù)的色散，這樣就減少了DWDM系統(tǒng)中與相鄰波長相互干擾的非線性現(xiàn)象的不良影響。

第一代非零色散位移光纖，如PureMetro 光纖具有每千米色散等于或低于5psnm的優(yōu)點，從而使色散補償更為簡便。

第二代非零色散位移光纖，如PureGuide 色散達(dá)到每千米10psnm左右，使DWDM系統(tǒng)的容量提高了一倍。

◆G.656：低斜率非零色散位移光纖。非零色散位移光纖的一種，對于色散的速度有嚴(yán)格的要求，確保了DWDM系統(tǒng)中更大波長范圍內(nèi)的傳輸性能。

◆G.657：耐彎光纖，也叫彎曲不敏感單模光纖，彎曲半徑最小可達(dá)5～10mm。

ITU-T光纖系列中的最新成員。根據(jù)FTTx技術(shù)的需求及組裝應(yīng)用而生的新產(chǎn)品。

G.657A光纖與G.652光纖兼容，G.657B光纖無需與傳統(tǒng)單模光纖在連接上兼容。

Description of the varieties of telecommunication fibers

There are the most common description of the varieties of telecommunication fibers.

MMF (multi-mode fiber)

- OM1 (62.5 125um)

- OM2 OM3 (G.651). For OM2 (50 125um) and OM3 (New generation multi-mode Fiber)

SMF (single-mode fiber)

- G.652 (dispersion non-shifted SMF)

- G.653 (dispersion shifted SMF)

- G.654 (cut-off shifted SMF)

- G.655 (NZ-DSF)

- G.656 (low dispersion slope NZDSF)

- G.657 (bending insensitive SMF)

Technically you can use any fibers for FTTx as far as the optical budget allows, but the most common application for FTTx shall be by G.652 and G.657.

G.651 (MMF)

G.651's major application is LAN. It's not suitable for long-haul transmission, but cheaper transmission devices for MMF may be attractive within 300 ~ 500m reach.

ITU-T G.651 is another name for OM2 OM3 or MMF(50 125).

ITU-T recommendation does not have OM1 or MMF (62.5 125) which is still popular in US.

The core of MMF(50 125) has a refractive index profile gradually changing from the center of the core to the cladding, which enables multiple of transmission light (mode) travel with nearly the same velocity.

G.652 (dispersion non-shifted SMF)

It is the most common SMF in the world.

It is tuned to minimize the dispersion (which gives the deformation to the signal) around the wavelength at 1310nm.

You can use 1550nm wavelength window for the shorter distance or with the dispersion compensating fiber or module.

G.652A B is the basic SMF and G.652C D is the category for Low-water-peak SMF.

G.652A, G.652 B, G.652C and G.652 D’s characteristics

Optical fibre types

G.652.A

G.652.B

G.652.C

G.652.D

MFD--Mode Field Diameter

Range

8.6-9.5μm

8.6-9.5μm

8.6-9.5μm

8.6-9.5μm

Cladding diameter

Nominal

125.0μm

125.0μm

125.0μm

125.0μm

Dispersion

λ0min

1300nm

1300nm

1300nm

1300nm

λ0max

1324nm

1324nm

1324nm

1324nm

S0min

0.093ps/nm2。km

0.093ps/nm2。km

0.093ps/nm2。km

0.093ps/nm2。km

Attenuation

1310nm

0.5 dB/km

0.4 dB/km

——

——

1550nm

0.4 dB/km

0.35 dB/km

0.3 dB/km

0.3 dB/km

1625nm

——

0.4 dB/km

——

——

PMD coefficient

M

20 cables

20 cables

20 cables

20 cables

Q

0.01%

0.01%

0.01%

0.01%

Max.

PMD0

0.5ps/km

0.2ps/km

0.5ps/km

0.2ps/km

G.653 (dispersion shifted fiber)

It is designed to minimize the dispersion at around 1550nm where the optical loss is the smallest.

G.654 (cut-off shifted fiber)

Official name for G.654 is "cut-off shifted fiber", but it is better known as low attenuation fiber.

Thanks to this low attenuation the major application for G.654 is in the submarine and terrestrial long-haul application such as 400km reach without repeater.

G.655 (NZ-DSF)

NZDSF is short for NZDSF for wide band transport fiber.

G.653 has designed to have zero dispersion at 1550nm, but G.655 has positive or negative dispersion intently.

The reason for that is to reduce the undesirable effect of the non-linear phenomenon which interfere with the adjacent wavelength in DWDM system.

The first generation NZ-DSF such as PureMetro has smaller dispersion of around or less than 5ps/nm/km to make the dispersion compensation easier.

On the other hand the second generation NZ-DSF such as PureGuide has larger dispersion of around 10ps/nm/km to enhance the DWDM capacity to double.

G.656 (low-slope dispersion NZ-DSF)

It is a kind of NZ-DSF which has stricter requirements on the dispersion slope which enables to guarantee the DWDM performance in wider wavelength range.

G.657 (bending insensitive fiber)

This is the latest comer in the ITU-T fiber series. The demand in FTTx and the assembly applications made new family.

G.657A is intended to be compatible with G.652, and G.657B is the free-style exhibition which does not necessarily comply with the conventional single-mode fiber in terms of interconnection.